Pipe fittings are mechanical accessories that are employed to facilitate the establishment, withdrawal, or redirection of pathways in a plumbing/piping system. These accessories come with differing size and shape specifications to fit an array of materials and applications available. The primary purpose of the pipe fittings is to ensure that pipe segments are connected in a secure and leak-proof molecular manner so that the hazardous liquid of all sorts like water, oil, gases, and steam are safely transported.
Types of Pipe Fittings
Pipe fittings can be identified according to their shape, design, and the method of manufacture. Here are the most common categories:
1. By Shape
Elbows: These are parts that are applied to redirect pipes and are generally available in two different angles of either 90 or 45 degrees.
Tees: Branch off from the main line and connect three pipes at a 90-degree angle
Reducers: These fittings join pipes of diverse diameters and hence enable a smooth switching between sizes.
Caps and Plugs: These fittings close up the ends of the pipes and so keep the fluid from passing through when needed.
Unions: Provide a quick disconnect option that enables easy maintenance and assembly.
2. By Manufacturing Process
Malleable Iron Fittings: Being one of the most durable in the market, these fittings are a favorite choice in the high-pressure applications besides their heftiness. Black and galvanized are the two finishes that are both available. They are used mostly in the construction of pipelines.
Galvanized pipe fittings: A layer of zinc will be applied to these components which will give them some protection against outdoor and wet environments, as well as rust and corrosion. The coating of zinc is responsible for the rust-proof and non-corrosion properties of these fittings.
Stainless Steel Fittings: Highly corrosion-resistant and capable of staying clean and hygienic, stainless steel fittings are the right choice for those working in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.
Measuring Pipe Fittings: NPT and BSPT
Knowing how to measure pipe fittings is the key to ensuring compatibility and correct installation. The two thread standards that are most commonly used are the NPT (National Pipe Taper) and BSPT (British Standard Pipe Taper).
NPT Threaded Fittings
NPT fittings with their design of tapered threads will effectively create a seal once these are picked up and assembled. The taper is such that the connection is made so tightly that there will be no leaks. They are also known as NPT fittings as they are widely applied in the United States for gas lines and plumbing.
BSPT Threaded Fittings
The taper on the threads of a BSPT fitting is 55 degrees and it is absolutely effective in sealing the fitting, thus the joint can fit any network of pipes. BSPT fittings are widely used in Europe and in the Commonwealth of Nations. The standard dimensions enable easy replacement of one BSPT-fitting with another that is BSPT-compliant.
Post time: Jul-23-2025